来自世界各地的土著领导人继续利用他们的难以理解的能见度来呼吁一种重视他们的知识和工作的气候融资系统，为他们提供的基于自然的解决方案提供了公平的价格，并直接支付了这些解决方案。
"The asset that we bring to the table is knowledge. To think about the future you have to think about the past," Francisco Souza, managing director of theFSC土著基金会, said at a Sept. 23 event hosted by the international Indigenous rights organization as part of Climate Week NYC. “We have the solutions already."
对于已经对基于自然解决方案进行投资和/或购买碳量的公司的公司和机构，对其气候战略的一部分进行了评估，重视土著人民的贡献意味着投资于其组织和项目，并支付公平的抵消价格。
"We want to tell the [donors] they should try working with [Indigenous organizations] directly. They do not need to go through too many people," Oumaru Aissatou, vice president of the中非的森林生态系统可持续管理的土著和当地人口网络，通过FSC土著基金会活动的翻译说。
Preserving forests is vital to tackling the climate crisis and protecting millions of species in danger of extinction, and research has repeatedly shown the vital role Indigenous people play as forest stewards. At 370 million, these communities make up less than 5 percent of the human population but manage or hold tenure over 25 percent of the planet’s land surface and support about80 percent of global biodiversity。AUnited Nations reportreleased last year, for example, found that the Indigenous people of Latin America — who face increasing, violent threats to their lands and lives — are by far the best guardians of the regions’ forests, with deforestation rates as much as 50 percent lower in their territories than elsewhere.
Indigenous communities make up less than 5% of the human population but manage or hold tenure over 25% of the planet’s land surface and support about 80% of global biodiversity.
11月在COP26上正式承认土著捐款，这是COP历史上的第一次，他们的领导人发现自己陷入了决策的内部圈子。国际气候谈判导致Glasgow Climate Pact，这承认土著权利，并承认土著人民和地方社区（IPLC）在“避免和最大程度地减少与气候变化的不利影响相关的损失和损害”中发挥的重要作用。
Too many Malcolms in the middle
Yet despite the fact that their knowledge and work reduce the monetary costs of the climate crisis, less than 1 percent of climate financing goes to support forestry efforts on Indigenous land, and only 17 percent of that money goes specifically to Indigenous-led and local community organizations, according to aRainforest Norway Foundation reportpublished last year.
报告称，如此少有资金到达这些社区的主要原因是中间人 - 中间组织通常具有复杂的申请流程和繁重的报告要求。
About half of total climate funding is channeled through multilateral institutions, the report notes. After that, the top 10 intermediaries for the biggest donors include a mix of large international NGOs, U.N. agencies and consulting companies — not IPLC organizations. Multilateral institutions have historically had limited success in reaching IPLCs directly. For example, the World Bank Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) Readiness Fund has given just 1 percent of its total funding to IPLC organizations, according to the report.
"We need to have a model that actually fits what’s happening in our territories. There needs to be flexibility. I’m not talking about flexibility in accountability, I’m talking about flexibility in priorities," said Gustavo Sanchez, president of theRed Mexicana de Organizaciones Forestales Campesinas, also speaking through a translator at the FSC Indigeneous Foundation event. "We need to change the way we think about the roles we have as donors and beneficiaries and instead see each other as collaborators and equals."
The appeal for direct investment does not only apply to public money, but private as well. Cutting out the middleman means investing directly in土著人领导的资金，组织和项目。土著领导人和倡导者说，这确实归结为信任和互惠，信任他们的决策，优先事项和知识。
“我想清楚地知道，我们知道土著世界并不完美；我们有很多问题，其中许多问题是资本主义创造的问题，”拉丁美洲和太平洋地区的项目官员艾玛·皮尼达（Emma Pineda）Pawanka Fund，告诉格林比兹。"But Indigenous communities have their own systems — systems of government, systems for solving problems, and economies — that work well for them. They’re not the same as the systems in the Occidental world, and often they’re ignored because they’re different, but we have them. We have ways that work."
我们需要改变思考作为捐助者和受益人的角色的方式，而是将彼此视为合作者和平等。
Founded in 2014, the fund supports Indigenous communities by investing in areas such as food systems, climate change resilience, water and natural resource management, and Indigenous economies, as well as language revitalization, women and youth leadership, health and well-being, and more. The idea is to help create self-sustaining communities that thrive on their own terms, Pineda said.
A rip-off of a price
The voluntary carbon markets — where the vast majority of companies that have made carbon offsets part of their climate strategy purchase those offsets — also have their share ofintermediary problems。但是除此之外，资助基于自然解决方案的抵消的自愿市场价格太低了。
碳偏移是一种有争议的财务工具，该工具是一种基于市场的战略，旨在通过将捕获的二氧化碳变成商品来减轻全球供暖。当公司购买偏移（通常每个通常等于公吨的碳）来资助一个基于自然的项目时，它实际上是为保护森林或其他一些导致碳捕获的碳支付社区支付社区。
彭博绿色最近的一项调查揭示了20121年石油和天然气巨头如何通过在墨西哥农村的一项计划中促进了世界资源研究所（World Resources Institute）促进的一项计划。CO2Munitario旨在促进农村经济的可持续发展并保护墨西哥的濒危森林，跨越了59个社区，在超过六个州。彭博社重点介绍了一个特定的社区，该社区在两年前参加该计划后于2021年末获得了首次年度付款。薪水分配在133名社区成员中，每个人约40美元。
文章写道：“通过向偏僻地区的生存农民支付4美元，而获得教育和互联网的机会较少，BP已将大约15％的其他人提供了目前从墨西哥项目中提供的抵消。”
与合规市场相比，这可能是正确的欧盟排放贸易体系， 在哪里forest carbon credits were selling for $12 to $14在2021年。合规性市场是为重型发射机（例如石油公司和水泥制造商）设立的市场，管辖权要求购买碳信用额。
But companies using the voluntary markets, which, again, is the vast majority of buyers, were paying a range of $4 to $6 per offset in 2021. Clearly that amount is not enough to fight the forces of deforestation, and the often lucrative financial payoff that comes with them. Even $12 to $14 per offset might not be enough, depending on the project’s location and the economic situation and market forces involved.
这意味着公司必须准备付出实际上会导致森林保护的价格，并尽职调查，以确保资金到达土著和当地社区。
桑切斯说：“我们需要有公平的交流条件。”“有时，碳信用额的买家不支付公平的代价。领土正在从事所有工作，市场不承认该价值。”
