Autodesk帮助华盛顿特区摆脱雨水污染

历史上，全球城市将雨水视为造成破坏洪水并散布污染的公共滋扰。这种观点只有在海平面上升的新时代以及日益严重和频繁的极端天气事件的新时代才会恶化。

这是因为根据Autodesk的Brian Young，大多数城市都依赖功能性但有缺陷的“灰色基础设施”GreenBiz Webinaron green infrastructure and the triple bottom line.

"Where it solely used to be about gray infrastructure systems like centralized pipes and tunnels, those worked great in effectively draining cities but did cause some pollution and erosion issues," he said. Autodesk sponsored the webinar.

为了面对日益增加的气候变化影响，全球城市从灰色变为所谓的“绿色基础设施”，其中包括从Swales到Swales到绿色的屋顶和可渗透的人行道，吸收，过滤器和收集的所有东西，全球的城市正在变化，吸收了所有东西雨水掉落的地方。

而不是观看雨水as a liability, cities are beginning to treat it as a resource — something to be absorbed, to replenish groundwaters or even reuse. This allows cities to relieve the burden downstream, and also introduces some social and environmental benefits as well.

首都的雨水问题

对于依靠下水道系统的华盛顿特区等老年东海岸城市来说，雨水是一个特别艰巨的挑战。大雨通常会导致污水溢出，并且污染水道。

Sustainable DC, the District’s comprehensive sustainability plan, in 2012 established the goal of using 75 percent of its landscape to capture stormwater, as well as increasing wetland acreage around rivers by 50 percent and covering 40 percent of the city with a healthy tree canopy.

但是该地区还处于美国司法部的命令下，以大规模的捕获隧道和修复。初始阶段的价格为18亿美元，该阶段正在传递给纳税人和财产所有人。

"That’s a major bill for everyone to be able to absorb, but there are a number of incentives and creative ways that the city has been able to help property owners deal with that," said Scott Pomeroy from the Downtown DC Business Improvement Project (BID), which the District has partnered with to implement green infrastructure pilot projects.

而不是观看雨水as a liability, cities are beginning to treat it as a resource — something to be absorbed, to replenish groundwaters or even reuse.

Riversmart奖励计划和雨水保留信贷交易计划为房主提供经济激励措施，以投资于绿色屋顶和雨桶等绿色基础设施。

Autodesk Tech有助于优先考虑项目

并非所有这些项目都是法院规定的，并且有如此多的绿色基础设施选择，城市和私人公司如何知道要追求哪些？可以这么说，Autodesk“有一个应用程序”。

BID partnered with Autodesk to revitalize and manage the stormwater runoff in Franklin Park, a dilapidated D.C. greenspace.

Autodesk的Infraworks 360将3D建模工具与分析仪表板相结合，该工具仪表板实时显示正在进行的更改以及如何影响水文性能。

Traditional design approaches involve developers and engineers creating a site layout, and then bringing in the stormwater person to make sure it all holds up to code — but this can be expensive and inefficient when the two steps come into conflict.

"Autodesk has tried to combine those steps so with each design decision you can get immediate feedback as to whether you’re getting closer or further from meeting those stormwater regulations, which should lead to less conflict down the line," said Autodesk’s Young.

该工具使用类似Google地图的接口，用户可以在其中输入地址并转到感兴趣的模型区域。在五分钟或更短的时间内，用户提供了一个模型，该模型具有带有地形，道路和图像数据的3D构建数据。扬说，任何知道如何浏览地图的人都可以轻松利用此工具。

For the Franklin Park project, Autodesk’s tool allowed planners to tinker in real-time with the various options for optimizing stormwater retention in the green space.

"For engineering teams we saw in the Franklin Park example, you can design very quickly, you can sketch a land area, you can sketch a building and immediately see how that affects your performance relative to the local regulations," Young said.

And the tool also is useful on a larger scale, according to Young. Its dashboard allows users to toggle percentage of land area and buildings used for various green options.

"It’s a very simple and easy way to consider what combination of trees or fire retention or green roofs you might be able to consider to be able to accomplish your ambitious goals around stormwater retention at the district scale," he said.

但是，这并不能取代一旦项目进入设计阶段，就可以取代需要进行的重型土木工程 - 它只是在初始计划阶段使绿色基础设施更加易于访问。

“这全是将分析作为早期现场布局的一部分集成，因此这种绿色基础设施要素不是事后的想法。”

Green infrastructure and the triple bottom line

许多城市的预算已经被延长了，这已经不是什么秘密了，这可能使得使用传统的成本效益分析为绿色基础设施项目证明是合理的。

This is where "Triple Bottom Line analysis" can help, which quantifies in dollar value the social, environmental and economic impacts associated with projects, according to Impact Infrastructure’s Ryan Meyers during the webinar.

该公司开发了一种基于网络的评估工具Autocase，该，根据其成本，收益和可持续设计功能，为基础设施项目和建筑物生产基于美元的基于美元的指标。该工具可与Autodesk的Infraworks 360一起用作附加组件，以提供有关如何成本效益设计项目以及为该地区创造多少社会和经济利益的实时反馈。

该地区使用大型项目​​使用自动启动酶来改善标志性国会大厦购物中心的雨水管理。使用该工具，规划人员能够采用一个设计，其中包括地下停车结构，该结构是占水池以捕获水并有助于灌溉的设计。尽管具有双重目的导致了更高的成本，但三重底线分析表明，长期收益更大。

For the National Mall project, the primary benefits are reduced flood risk, which lead to lower costs from strong storm events, less risk to local business activity and environmental benefits.

迈耶斯说：“从本质上讲，这导致了一个项目，表面上似乎更昂贵，更具吸引力，但实际上更有益。”